pythagorean cup

The Pythagorean Cup, also known as the Justice cup, the Greedy Cup or Tantalus Cup, is named after the famous Greek philosopher and mathematician Pythagoras. It's believed that he invented this cup to teach his students a lesson about the virtues of moderation and the consequences of greed. When you fill the cup with liquid up to a certain level, everything works as expected, and you can enjoy your drink. However, if you get greedy and fill the cup beyond that level, the liquid spills into the column, and the siphon effect takes over. The entire contents of the cup are then drained through the pipe and out of the bottom, leaving you with an empty cup.